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WOVEN TOGETHER

The Scriptures the New Testament cites in one breath

1467 passages braid two or more sources · 94% of all that cite

Run the index the other way and a second pattern appears. The New Testament rarely reaches for a single Old Testament verse; it reaches for handfuls, braiding texts that were never adjacent into one argument. 94% of the passages that cite the older Scripture cite more than one source at once — and the same combinations keep recurring, across different authors, as if drawn from a shared stock. Scholars call those recurring weaves the testimonia: the church’s working set of proof-texts, assembled before the Gospels were written.

They surface here on their own, unprompted. Isaiah 40’s voice in the wilderness fused to Malachi’s messenger; the enthronement braid of Psalm 110, Daniel 7, Psalm 8, and Nathan’s promise to David; the rejected stone of Psalm 118 set against Isaiah’s cornerstone and Daniel’s stone cut without hands. The two great resurrection texts — Daniel 12 and Isaiah 26 — travel together a dozen times. Love of God from Deuteronomy and love of neighbor from Leviticus arrive as one command. None of this was marked in the margins; it falls out of the data because it was already there.

Below: the heatmap of which sources co-occur, the strongest pairs, and the constellations they form — three or more texts the New Testament treats as a set.

Co-citation among the twenty most-cited sources — darker means more often braided together.
Daniel 7:13Daniel 12:2Daniel 7:13–14Leviticus 19:18Psalm 110:1Isaiah 53:12Daniel 7:14Isaiah 49:6Psalm 2:7Hosea 6:2Genesis 2:7Genesis 3:15Daniel 12:1Malachi 3:1Psalm 41:9Joel 2:28–29Jeremiah 17:10Isaiah 11:2Isaiah 52:7Isaiah 53:6Daniel 7:13Daniel 12:2Daniel 7:13–14Leviticus 19:18Psalm 110:1Isaiah 53:12Daniel 7:14Isaiah 49:6Psalm 2:7Hosea 6:2Genesis 2:7Genesis 3:15Daniel 12:1Malachi 3:1Psalm 41:9Joel 2:28–29Jeremiah 17:10Isaiah 11:2Isaiah 52:7Isaiah 53:6Daniel 7:13 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Daniel 7:13 + Psalm 110:1 · 3Daniel 7:13 + Isaiah 53:12 · 2Daniel 7:13 + Daniel 7:14 · 2Daniel 7:13 + Psalm 2:7 · 3Daniel 7:13 + Hosea 6:2 · 7Daniel 7:13 + Genesis 2:7 · 1Daniel 7:13 + Malachi 3:1 · 1Daniel 7:13 + Psalm 41:9 · 2Daniel 7:13 + Isaiah 53:6 · 3Daniel 12:2 + Daniel 7:13 · 1Daniel 12:2 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 2Daniel 12:2 + Leviticus 19:18 · 1Daniel 12:2 + Psalm 110:1 · 1Daniel 12:2 + Hosea 6:2 · 1Daniel 12:2 + Genesis 2:7 · 1Daniel 12:2 + Daniel 12:1 · 1Daniel 12:2 + Jeremiah 17:10 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Daniel 12:2 · 2Daniel 7:13–14 + Leviticus 19:18 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Psalm 110:1 · 6Daniel 7:13–14 + Isaiah 53:12 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Psalm 2:7 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Hosea 6:2 · 2Daniel 7:13–14 + Genesis 2:7 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Malachi 3:1 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Joel 2:28–29 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Jeremiah 17:10 · 1Daniel 7:13–14 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1Leviticus 19:18 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Leviticus 19:18 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Leviticus 19:18 + Joel 2:28–29 · 1Psalm 110:1 + Daniel 7:13 · 3Psalm 110:1 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Psalm 110:1 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 6Psalm 110:1 + Isaiah 53:12 · 1Psalm 110:1 + Daniel 7:14 · 2Psalm 110:1 + Psalm 2:7 · 3Psalm 110:1 + Jeremiah 17:10 · 2Psalm 110:1 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1Psalm 110:1 + Isaiah 53:6 · 1Isaiah 53:12 + Daniel 7:13 · 2Isaiah 53:12 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Isaiah 53:12 + Psalm 110:1 · 1Isaiah 53:12 + Hosea 6:2 · 2Isaiah 53:12 + Psalm 41:9 · 1Isaiah 53:12 + Joel 2:28–29 · 1Isaiah 53:12 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1Isaiah 53:12 + Isaiah 53:6 · 7Daniel 7:14 + Daniel 7:13 · 2Daniel 7:14 + Psalm 110:1 · 2Daniel 7:14 + Isaiah 49:6 · 2Daniel 7:14 + Daniel 12:1 · 2Daniel 7:14 + Isaiah 11:2 · 1Daniel 7:14 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1Isaiah 49:6 + Daniel 7:14 · 2Isaiah 49:6 + Psalm 2:7 · 1Isaiah 49:6 + Hosea 6:2 · 1Isaiah 49:6 + Daniel 12:1 · 2Isaiah 49:6 + Malachi 3:1 · 2Isaiah 49:6 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1Psalm 2:7 + Daniel 7:13 · 3Psalm 2:7 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Psalm 2:7 + Psalm 110:1 · 3Psalm 2:7 + Isaiah 49:6 · 1Psalm 2:7 + Malachi 3:1 · 1Psalm 2:7 + Isaiah 11:2 · 1Psalm 2:7 + Isaiah 52:7 · 2Hosea 6:2 + Daniel 7:13 · 7Hosea 6:2 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Hosea 6:2 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 2Hosea 6:2 + Isaiah 53:12 · 2Hosea 6:2 + Isaiah 49:6 · 1Hosea 6:2 + Malachi 3:1 · 1Hosea 6:2 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1Hosea 6:2 + Isaiah 53:6 · 2Genesis 2:7 + Daniel 7:13 · 1Genesis 2:7 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Genesis 2:7 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Genesis 2:7 + Genesis 3:15 · 1Genesis 3:15 + Genesis 2:7 · 1Genesis 3:15 + Daniel 12:1 · 1Genesis 3:15 + Malachi 3:1 · 1Genesis 3:15 + Psalm 41:9 · 1Daniel 12:1 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Daniel 12:1 + Daniel 7:14 · 2Daniel 12:1 + Isaiah 49:6 · 2Daniel 12:1 + Genesis 3:15 · 1Malachi 3:1 + Daniel 7:13 · 1Malachi 3:1 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Malachi 3:1 + Isaiah 49:6 · 2Malachi 3:1 + Psalm 2:7 · 1Malachi 3:1 + Hosea 6:2 · 1Malachi 3:1 + Genesis 3:15 · 1Malachi 3:1 + Joel 2:28–29 · 1Psalm 41:9 + Daniel 7:13 · 2Psalm 41:9 + Isaiah 53:12 · 1Psalm 41:9 + Genesis 3:15 · 1Joel 2:28–29 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Joel 2:28–29 + Leviticus 19:18 · 1Joel 2:28–29 + Isaiah 53:12 · 1Joel 2:28–29 + Malachi 3:1 · 1Joel 2:28–29 + Isaiah 11:2 · 3Joel 2:28–29 + Isaiah 53:6 · 1Jeremiah 17:10 + Daniel 12:2 · 1Jeremiah 17:10 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Jeremiah 17:10 + Psalm 110:1 · 2Isaiah 11:2 + Daniel 7:14 · 1Isaiah 11:2 + Psalm 2:7 · 1Isaiah 11:2 + Joel 2:28–29 · 3Isaiah 52:7 + Daniel 7:13–14 · 1Isaiah 52:7 + Psalm 110:1 · 1Isaiah 52:7 + Isaiah 53:12 · 1Isaiah 52:7 + Daniel 7:14 · 1Isaiah 52:7 + Isaiah 49:6 · 1Isaiah 52:7 + Psalm 2:7 · 2Isaiah 52:7 + Hosea 6:2 · 1Isaiah 52:7 + Isaiah 53:6 · 1Isaiah 53:6 + Daniel 7:13 · 3Isaiah 53:6 + Psalm 110:1 · 1Isaiah 53:6 + Isaiah 53:12 · 7Isaiah 53:6 + Hosea 6:2 · 2Isaiah 53:6 + Joel 2:28–29 · 1Isaiah 53:6 + Isaiah 52:7 · 1

The strongest pairs

  1. 12×Daniel 12:2 + Isaiah 26:19The resurrection of the deadMatthew 27:51-53
  2. 8×Genesis 22:2 + Psalm 2:7This is my beloved SonMatthew 3:13-17
  3. 8×Isaiah 40:3 + Malachi 3:1The voice in the wildernessMatthew 3:1-12
  4. 7×Daniel 7:13 + Hosea 6:2Matthew 17:22-23
  5. 7×Genesis 22:2 + Isaiah 42:1The beloved, the offeredMatthew 3:13-17
  6. 7×Hosea 2:19–20 + Isaiah 62:5Matthew 9:14-17
  7. 7×Isaiah 42:1 + Psalm 2:7My Son, my chosen servantMatthew 3:13-17
  8. 7×Isaiah 51:17 + Psalm 75:8Matthew 20:20-23
  9. 7×Isaiah 53:12 + Isaiah 53:6The suffering servantMark 9:30-32
  10. 7×Proverbs 19:17 + Tobit 4:7–11Lending to the Lord (almsgiving)Matthew 6:1-4
  11. 6×1 Kings 17:17–24 + 2 Kings 4:32–37Matthew 8:14-15
  12. 6×Daniel 12:1 + Psalm 69:28Luke 10:17-20
  13. 6×Daniel 7:13–14 + Psalm 110:1Matthew 25:31-46
  14. 6×Deuteronomy 17:6 + Deuteronomy 19:15Two or three witnessesMatthew 18:15-17
  15. 6×Deuteronomy 32:20 + Deuteronomy 32:5Matthew 12:38-42
  16. 6×Deuteronomy 6:5 + Leviticus 19:18Love God and neighborMatthew 22:34-40

The constellations

Three or more sources the New Testament braids as a set — connected components of the strongest pairs.

7× Daniel 7:13 + Hosea 6:26× Hosea 6:2 + Jonah 1:175× Isaiah 50:6 + Lamentations 3:30
6× Isaiah 29:18 + Isaiah 35:56× Isaiah 29:18 + Isaiah 42:76× Isaiah 35:5 + Isaiah 42:7
8× Genesis 22:2 + Psalm 2:77× Genesis 22:2 + Isaiah 42:17× Isaiah 42:1 + Psalm 2:7
8× Isaiah 40:3 + Malachi 3:14× 2 Kings 1:8 + Isaiah 40:34× 2 Kings 1:8 + Malachi 3:1
12× Daniel 12:2 + Isaiah 26:195× Daniel 12:2 + Ezekiel 37:1–144× 2 Maccabees 7:9 + Daniel 12:2
7× Isaiah 53:12 + Isaiah 53:65× Isaiah 53:11 + Isaiah 53:124× Exodus 24:8 + Zechariah 9:11
6× Jeremiah 17:10 + Psalm 62:126× Proverbs 24:12 + Psalm 62:125× 1 Samuel 16:7 + Jeremiah 17:10
4× Ezekiel 36:25–27 + Joel 2:28–294× Ezekiel 36:27 + Joel 2:28–294× Ezekiel 36:27 + Ezekiel 37:14
6× Isaiah 13:10 + Joel 2:105× Amos 8:9 + Joel 2:104× Isaiah 13:10 + Isaiah 34:4
5× Deuteronomy 10:16 + Jeremiah 4:45× Deuteronomy 10:16 + Deuteronomy 30:64× Deuteronomy 10:16 + Jeremiah 9:25–26
The enthronement
6× Daniel 7:13–14 + Psalm 110:15× Psalm 110:1 + Psalm 8:64× 2 Samuel 7:12–14 + Psalm 110:1
The Maker of heaven and earth
5× Exodus 20:11 + Nehemiah 9:65× Exodus 20:11 + Psalm 146:65× Nehemiah 9:6 + Psalm 146:6
Two or three witnesses
6× Deuteronomy 17:6 + Deuteronomy 19:154× Deuteronomy 17:6 + Numbers 35:304× Deuteronomy 19:15 + Numbers 35:30
The crooked generation
6× Deuteronomy 32:20 + Deuteronomy 32:54× Deuteronomy 32:20 + Numbers 14:114× Deuteronomy 32:5 + Numbers 14:11
The sabbath
5× Deuteronomy 5:12–15 + Exodus 20:8–114× Exodus 20:8–11 + Genesis 2:2–34× Exodus 20:8–11 + Hosea 6:6
Who stills the sea
5× Psalm 107:23–30 + Psalm 89:94× Psalm 107:23–30 + Psalm 65:74× Psalm 65:7 + Psalm 89:9
Nothing too hard for God
4× Genesis 18:14 + Jeremiah 32:174× Genesis 18:14 + Job 42:24× Jeremiah 32:17 + Job 42:2
The Lord comes to his temple
4× Jeremiah 7:11 + Malachi 3:1–34× Jeremiah 7:11 + Zechariah 14:214× Malachi 3:1–3 + Zechariah 14:21
The cup of wrath
7× Isaiah 51:17 + Psalm 75:84× Isaiah 51:17 + Jeremiah 25:15–16
The book of life
6× Daniel 12:1 + Psalm 69:284× Exodus 32:32–33 + Psalm 69:28
The cornerstone
4× Daniel 2:34–35,44–45 + Isaiah 28:164× Isaiah 28:16 + Psalm 118:22

The densest passages

Where the most distinct sources converge in a single passage.

  1. 43Acts 17:22-31
  2. 33Matthew 5:1-12
  3. 29Acts 13:17-22
  4. 25Matthew 3:1-12
  5. 25Matthew 25:31-46
  6. 22Matthew 4:1-11
  7. 22Romans 8:18-30
  8. 20Matthew 6:25-34
  9. 20Romans 12:9-21
  10. 201 Corinthians 8:4-6
  11. 201 Corinthians 10:1-5
  12. 19Matthew 6:9-13