“Yet even now,” says Yahweh, “turn to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning.” Tear your heart, and not your garments, and turn to Yahweh, your God; for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and relents from sending calamity.
⛓ Read Joel 2 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Echo3
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
Paul's contrast of 'godly grief that produces repentance' against 'worldly grief that produces death' draws on the prophetic repentance tradition where genuine turning is inward ('return to me with all your heart... rend your hearts and not your garments'). Joel's heart-repentance leading to life coheres with Paul's salvation-bringing sorrow. Volume is moderate and conceptual, resting on the prophetic repentance schema rather than wording.
Medium confidence'Return to me with all your heart, with fasting, weeping, and mourning' supplies the lament-and-mourning summons ('let your laughter be turned to mourning').
Medium confidence'Rend your heart, and not your garments' — true fasting is inward not performative, the same heart-versus-display contrast Jesus presses against disfigured faces.
Medium confidence