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Isaiah 53:9

The New Testament’s use of Isaiah

10 places · 3 kinds of echo

The source

They made his grave with the wicked, and with a rich man in his death; although he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.

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Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.

Quotation1

A formal citation — high verbal volume, often introduced by a saying-formula.

1 Pet 2:18-25

"who did not sin, 'neither was deceit found in his mouth'" (2:22) quotes Isaiah 53:9 LXX, 'he did no lawlessness, nor was deceit (dolos) found in his mouth.' Verbatim citation of the Servant; anchors the Christ-as-suffering-Servant exemplum.

High confidence

Allusion7

A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.

John 19:38-42

Burial by the wealthy Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus, with a lavish hundred pounds of spices in a new tomb, fulfills 'they made his grave... with a rich man in his death.' Strong coherence with John's pervasive Servant typology; high volume.

High confidence
Luke 23:50-56

Burial by Joseph, a rich council member, in an unused rock-cut tomb realizes Isaiah 53:9, 'they made his grave... with a rich man in his death,' the Servant honored in burial despite dying among criminals. The 'rich and righteous man' and the new tomb make this Luke's enactment of the Servant's burial; high coherence.

High confidence
Mark 15:42-47

Burial by Joseph of Arimathea, a wealthy and prominent councillor who lays Jesus in his own rock-cut tomb, fulfills 'they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death, although he had done no violence.' The Servant's honorable burial 'with a rich man' coheres precisely with the rich Joseph's intervention, sealing the chapter's Servant frame.

High confidence
Matt 27:57-61

'They made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death' — a rich man (Joseph of Arimathea) gives Jesus an honorable burial in his own new tomb, fulfilling the Servant's burial 'with a rich man.' Striking lexical match ('rich man,' burial).

High confidence
1 John 3:4-6

The Servant 'had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth,' the sinless one who bears others' iniquity. John's 'in him is no sin' and 'he was revealed to take away our sins' draws on the Servant who removes sin while being himself without it. The pairing of sin-bearing and sinlessness is distinctively Isaianic.

Medium confidence
Acts 13:26-31 ?

That they 'found no cause for death' yet had him killed and 'laid in a tomb' resonates with the Servant who had done no violence yet was assigned a grave; the innocence-then-burial pattern is the Servant Song's. Thematic coherence medium-high.

Medium confidence
Luke 23:39-43

'This man has done nothing wrong' echoes 'he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth' — the criminal's verdict confirms the Servant's blamelessness even among the condemned. Coherent with Luke's innocence motif (vv. 4, 14, 22, 47).

Medium confidence

Echo2

A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.

Rev 14:1–5

'Neither was any deceit in his mouth' — Servant's guiltless speech echoed in the blameless lambs who follow the Lamb; figural transfer of Servant integrity to the redeemed.

Medium confidence
Matt 27:38 ?

'They made his grave with the wicked' — association of the Servant with criminals in death, coherent with the two robbers and anticipating the rich man's tomb in 27:57-60.

Low confidence
Elsewhere in Isaiah 53
Isaiah 53:1 2Isaiah 53:3 13Isaiah 53:3-5 3Isaiah 53:3-12 2Isaiah 53:4 8Isaiah 53:4-12 2Isaiah 53:5-6 4Isaiah 53:5 4Isaiah 53:6 17Isaiah 53:7-9 2Isaiah 53:7 13Isaiah 53:8 6Isaiah 53:10-12 4Isaiah 53:10 5Isaiah 53:11-12 7Isaiah 53:11 13Isaiah 53:12 28