There was a man in the land of Uz, whose name was Job. That man was blameless and upright, and one who feared God, and turned away from evil. There were born to him seven sons and three daughters. His possessions also were seven thousand sheep, three thousand camels, five hundred yoke of oxen, five hundred female donkeys, and a very great household; so that this man was the greatest of all the children of the east. His sons went and held a feast in the […]
⛓ Read Job 1 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion2
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'The satan' as the accusing adversary who roams the earth (Job 1:7; 2:2) and tests the righteous stands behind 'your adversary, the devil, walks around... seeking whom he may devour,' and behind the call to withstand him steadfast in faith.
Medium confidenceJob is the paradigmatic example of the testing of the righteous producing steadfast endurance, a connection James himself makes explicit in 5:11. The trials-into-perfection logic of James 1 draws on the Joban pattern of the patient sufferer.
Medium confidence