For Yahweh has comforted Zion; he has comforted all her waste places, and has made her wilderness like Eden, and her desert like the garden of Yahweh; joy and gladness shall be found therein, thanksgiving, and the voice of melody.
⛓ Read Isaiah 51 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion2
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
Isaiah promises that YHWH 'will comfort Zion, will comfort all her waste places,' a refrain of repeated comfort that Paul's piled-up paraklēsis vocabulary mirrors. The pattern of God comforting the desolate so they overflow with gladness coheres with Paul's logic that comfort received is comfort passed on. Recurrence of the comfort motif across Isaiah 51 strengthens availability.
High confidence'Today you will be with me in Paradise' draws on Isaiah's promise that the LORD will comfort Zion and 'make her wilderness like Eden, her desert like the garden (paradeisos) of the LORD.' The eschatological-Eden 'paradise' is the availably scriptural term Luke uses for restored blessedness.
Medium confidence