As birds hovering, so Yahweh of Armies will protect Jerusalem. He will protect and deliver it. He will pass over and preserve it.”
⛓ Read Isaiah 31 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion1
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'Like birds hovering, so the LORD of hosts will protect Jerusalem' joins bird-protection imagery specifically to Jerusalem, the very city Jesus longs to shelter. Medium Volume; the Jerusalem-specific bird-shielding tightens the Coherence.
Medium confidenceEcho1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
"Like birds hovering, so the LORD of hosts will protect Jerusalem' — a bird-protection-of-Jerusalem image poignantly inverted when Jerusalem refuses gathering (v37).
Low confidence