Terror and dread falls on them. By the greatness of your arm they are as still as a stone— until your people pass over, Yahweh, until the people pass over who you have purchased.
⛓ Read Exodus 15 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Echo2
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
Paul's self-description 'in weakness, in fear, and in much trembling' (v.3) draws on the stock biblical pairing of fear and trembling, programmatically stated in the Song of the Sea where 'fear and dread' and 'trembling' fall on the nations before God's power. Volume is faint and the idiom is diffuse, but it coheres with Paul's argument that the awe belongs to God's power, not human eloquence. Contested as a specific source.
Low confidenceThe women's 'trembling and astonishment' and fear follows the conventional human response to theophany and divine deliverance, as in the Song of the Sea where trembling seizes the nations. The pattern of fear before God's saving acts is widely available; the link is to a topos rather than a specific text.
Low confidence