before Yahweh; for he comes, for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness, the peoples with his truth.
⛓ Read Psalm 96 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion4
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'He comes to judge the earth; he will judge the world in righteousness' is almost verbatim with v.31, that God 'will judge the world in righteousness.' High volume.
High confidence'he comes to judge the earth; he will judge the world in righteousness' (LXX 95:13, krinei... en dikaiosyne) - the closest verbal donor for 'in righteousness he judges' (Rev 19:11). Cf. Ps 98:9.
High confidenceThe solemn charge invokes God and Christ as the one 'who will judge the living and the dead at his appearing.' The motif of the LORD coming to 'judge the earth' is a refrain of the enthronement psalms, supplying the eschatological-judgment frame Paul adapts to Christ's appearing.
Medium confidence'For he comes to judge the earth' — the announcement that 'the hour of his judgment has come' draws on the enthronement-psalm advent-to-judge motif.
Medium confidenceEcho4
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
'He comes to judge the earth' frames the Lord's advent that Paul's Maranatha petitions, joining curse and coming in a judgment horizon. Diffuse OT advent-language and absence of verbal markers keep this faint and contested.
Low confidenceGod "ready to judge the living and the dead" (4:5) draws on the OT confession that the LORD comes to judge the earth/the peoples; cf. Psalm 98:9. Generic judgment-theophany echo.
Low confidenceThe title 'the righteous judge' who will give the crown 'on that day' reuses the enthronement-psalm refrain that the LORD comes to judge the world in righteousness. The forensic epithet is colored by the Old Testament confession of God as righteous judge of all.
Low confidence'he comes to judge the earth; he will judge the world with righteousness' supports the righteous-judgment theme of vv.1-2; faint here, primary in the rider pericope.
Low confidence