He split rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths. He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers.
⛓ Read Psalm 78 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Echo1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
'He split rocks... brought streams... waters run down like rivers' poeticizes the water-from-rock miracle and may inform 'drank of a spiritual rock.' The psalm's abundance language coheres with Paul's claim that all drank the same drink.
Medium confidence◇ Figural1
A typological pattern re-read in a later text — no verbal quotation, high figural coherence.
'He split the rocks in the wilderness... brought streams out of the rock and caused waters to run down like rivers' is the wilderness water-from-the-rock typology underlying 'rivers of living water' at the water-libation feast. Booths commemorated wilderness dwelling; the rock-water gift is the natural figural source. The verbal 'rivers' (potamous) coheres with John's plural.
High confidence