I have also become a reproach to them. When they see me, they shake their head.
⛓ Read Psalm 109 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion1
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'I am an object of scorn to my accusers; when they see me, they wag their heads' — a second head-wagging-mockery Psalm reinforcing Psalm 22:7's gesture (imprecatory psalm of the betrayed righteous one).
Medium confidenceEcho2
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
'I have become a reproach to them; when they see me, they shake their head' matches the reviling and defaming the apostles endure (vv.12-13) as the righteous-sufferer treated with contempt. Coheres with the lament-psalm pattern of the persecuted righteous that shapes Paul's hardship list.
Medium confidence'I am an object of scorn to my accusers; when they see me, they wag their heads' supplies a second head-wagging derision text reinforcing Psalm 22:7. Psalm 109 is an imprecatory suffering psalm whose mocking accusers cohere with the crowd's gestures, raising the recurrence of the head-wagging motif.
Medium confidence