Sheol is naked before God, and Abaddon has no covering.
⛓ Read Job 26 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion1
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
The king's Hebrew name 'Abaddon' (9:11) is the OT term for the realm of destruction/Sheol, paired with Sheol in Job 26:6 ('Sheol is naked before God, and Abaddon has no covering'). John personifies the place-name into the angel of the abyss; explicit Hebrew lexical borrowing (Abaddon).
High confidenceEcho1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
The striking word ‘naked’ (gymna) before God in v. 13 has a faint precursor in the wisdom topos that even Sheol lies ‘naked’ and ‘uncovered’ before God. Verbal volume rests on the single image of nakedness/exposure; widely noted as a faint echo (NA28/UBS margin).
Low confidence