Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, the virgin will conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.
⛓ Read Isaiah 7 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Quotation1
A formal citation — high verbal volume, often introduced by a saying-formula.
Matthew's first formula citation: 'that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet' (v.22) introduces a near-verbatim quotation of LXX Isa 7:14 — 'the virgin (parthenos) shall be with child and shall bear a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel' (v.23). The paradigm fulfillment quotation: maximal volume, explicit citation formula, heavy rhetorical stress; Matthew uses such formulae throughout (recurrence very high); thematic coherence is the structural core of the pericope.
High confidenceAllusion2
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
A 'virgin' (parthenos) of the house of David who will 'conceive... and give birth to a son' and name him directly evokes Isaiah 7:13-14 (LXX), 'the virgin shall conceive and bear a son.' The house-of-David setting plus virgin + conceive + bear + name a son yields high volume and is the controlling messianic citation.
High confidence'They shall call his name Immanuel, God with us.' Matthew opens (1:23) and closes (28:20 'I am with you always') with the Immanuel theme, forming a deliberate inclusio; the final presence promise fulfills the naming prophecy that frames the Gospel.
High confidence