Men shall go into the caves of the rocks, and into the holes of the earth, from before the terror of Yahweh, and from the glory of his majesty, when he arises to shake the earth mightily.
⛓ Read Isaiah 2 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion1
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
The repetition at 2:19 (and 2:21) — fleeing to caves from before the terror of the LORD and the glory of his majesty, when he rises to terrify the earth — supplies the exclusionary 'from the face of the Lord and from the glory of his might' in 1:9. The refrain's threefold form makes the dependence especially secure.
High confidenceEcho2
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
Men flee 'when he arises to terrify the earth'; mountains and the proud brought low. The fleeing islands and vanished mountains (16:20) draw on the Day-of-the-LORD cosmic-upheaval motif. Cf. Isa 40:4.
Medium confidencePeople hiding 'in the caves of the rocks' from the terror of the Lord in the day of judgment parallels the cry to mountains and hills; a possible secondary source alongside Hosea 10:8 for the day-of-wrath flight motif.
Low confidence