I will stir up the Egyptians against the Egyptians, and they will fight everyone against his brother, and everyone against his neighbor; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.
⛓ Read Isaiah 19 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion3
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
Isaiah's oracle against Egypt: 'I will stir up Egyptians against Egyptians, and they will fight, everyone against his brother and against his neighbor, city against city, kingdom against kingdom.' The kingdom-against-kingdom formula and the picture of internecine collapse map directly onto Jesus' words. Strong verbal recurrence.
High confidence'Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom' closely reproduces Isaiah's oracle, 'I will stir up Egyptians against Egyptians... kingdom against kingdom.' The paired idiom of nation/kingdom conflict is distinctive enough (high volume) to mark deliberate use of Isaiah's day-of-the-LORD imagery of internecine collapse.
High confidence'I will stir up Egyptian against Egyptian... city against city, kingdom against kingdom' supplies the same nation-against-nation / kingdom-against-kingdom formula for divine judgment producing internal strife.
Medium confidence