Then Yahweh rained on Sodom and on Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky.
⛓ Read Genesis 19 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion3
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
Sodom's fiery overthrow is the archetypal divine judgment; 'more tolerable for the land of Sodom on the day of judgment' presupposes Genesis 19 as the benchmark of destroyed wickedness.
High confidenceThe lethal triad fire/smoke/sulfur from the horses' mouths (9:17-18) reworks the LORD raining 'sulfur and fire' on Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 19:24, LXX theion kai pyr), with the smoke of 19:28 completing the triad. The Sodom destruction pattern is the archetypal model for sulfurous divine judgment in Revelation (cf. 14:10; 19:20; 21:8).
High confidenceThe LORD rained 'fire and sulfur' (Heb gophrith wa-esh; LXX theion kai pyr) on Sodom — directly behind 'tormented with fire and sulfur.' Paradigmatic judgment imagery.
High confidenceEcho3
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
The LORD rained 'sulfur and fire' on Sodom - foundational sulfur-and-fire judgment image behind 'the lake of fire that burns with sulfur' (Rev 19:20).
Medium confidence'Fire and sulfur (brimstone)' raining on Sodom (v.8 'fire and sulfur') — the canonical brimstone-judgment image. Cf. Ezek 38:22; Ps 11:6.
Medium confidenceThe 'Sodom and Gomorrah' comparison cited in v.29 carries the figural weight of the destroyed cities of Genesis 19; the remnant 'seed' is what spares Israel from total annihilation like the cities of the plain.
Medium confidence