In that day Yahweh made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your seed I have given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates:
⛓ Read Genesis 15 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion1
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'The great river Euphrates' (9:14) is a fixed biblical phrase marking the ideal eastern boundary of the promised land (Gen 15:18 'to the great river, the river Euphrates'; LXX tou potamou tou megalou Euphratou). John's identical formula loads the Euphrates with covenant-boundary and threat-from-the-east significance (the direction of Israel's historic invaders).
High confidenceEcho1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
Paul's framing of the Abrahamic 'covenant' (diatheke) confirmed by God draws on the covenant-cutting of Gen 15:18 (cf. Gen 17). The covenant concept rather than wording is in view, undergirding the legal analogy of v.15. Faint and conceptual.
Low confidence