Thus says Yahweh, “In this you shall know that I am Yahweh. Behold, I will strike with the rod that is in my hand on the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood. The fish that are in the river shall die, and the river shall become foul; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink water from the river.”’” Yahweh said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Take your rod, and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their […]
⛓ Read Exodus 7 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion1
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
First Egyptian plague: the Nile and all Egyptian waters turned to blood, fish die, water undrinkable. Bowls 2-3 universalize this: sea (v.3) and rivers/springs (v.4) become blood, every sea-creature dies. Volume + dense recurrence; the controlling subtext.
High confidenceEcho1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
The first Mosaic sign turned water into blood; John's first sign turns water into wine, a possible deliberate Moses/Jesus typological inversion (curse vs. joy). Coherence with John's broader Moses Christology (1:17) gives it some weight, but the contrast is subtle and the echo contested.
Low confidence