The stones shall be according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, everyone according to his name, they shall be for the twelve tribes.
⛓ Read Exodus 28 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion2
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
The twelve stones engraved with the names of the twelve tribes on the high priest's breastpiece reinforce the tribal symbolism of the named Twelve listed individually here. The naming of each disciple parallels the named tribal stones. Coherence is good though the echo is to the institution of twelve, not specific words.
Medium confidenceThe high priest's breastpiece bearing the names of the twelve tribes engraved on twelve stones (v.12 'names of the twelve tribes') — links the tribe-inscribed gates to priestly typology; develops fully at 21:19-20.
Medium confidence