He said, “Who made you a prince and a judge over us? Do you plan to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian?” Moses was afraid, and said, “Surely this thing is known.”
⛓ Read Exodus 2 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Quotation2
A formal citation — high verbal volume, often introduced by a saying-formula.
'Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? Do you want to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?' is a near-verbatim citation of the rebuffing Hebrew's words — the rejection-of-the-deliverer motif Stephen weaponizes.
High confidence'Who made you a ruler and a judge?' is repeated from the Hebrew's taunt, now turned into the structural refrain of Israel rejecting the very deliverer God appoints.
High confidenceEcho4
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
'Who made you a ruler and judge over us?'—the Hebrew's rebuke of Moses—is verbally echoed in Jesus' 'Man, who made me a judge or an arbitrator over you?' The near-quotation of the question gives notable Volume, though the speaker roles are inverted, marking it a deliberate echo.
Medium confidenceThe challenge 'by what authority?' / 'who made you ruler?' echoes the perennial Israelite question put to a divinely commissioned but unrecognized agent (Moses rebuffed: 'Who made you a ruler and judge over us?'). Coherent with Luke's Moses-typology of Jesus but volume is faint and the wording is not distinctive.
Low confidenceThe authorities' challenge 'By what authority do you do these things? Who gave you this authority?' recalls the recurring biblical pattern of questioning a deliverer's mandate, as in 'Who made you a ruler and judge over us?' against Moses. The coherence is typological (the rejected commissioned agent), so the echo is faint and contested.
Low confidenceThe challenge 'By what authority do you do these things? Who gave you this authority?' (21:23) faintly recalls the recurring biblical motif of authority contested ('Who made you a ruler and a judge over us?'), the leader's commission questioned by his own people.
Low confidence