If a poor man, one of your brothers, is with you within any of your gates in your land which Yahweh your God gives you, you shall not harden your heart, nor shut your hand from your poor brother; but you shall surely open your hand to him, and shall surely lend him sufficient for his need, which he lacks.
⛓ Read Deuteronomy 15 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion2
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'You shall not harden your heart, nor shut your hand from your poor brother,' but open your hand to his need, directly underlies 'sees his brother in need, and closes his heart of compassion against him.' John's image of the closed heart inverts the command to open hand and heart. The 'brother in need' vocabulary is shared.
High confidenceDo not harden your heart but open your hand to the poor and lend freely; direct background to 'give to him who asks, do not refuse the borrower.'
Medium confidenceEcho1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
'You shall not harden your heart or shut your hand against your poor brother, but open your hand to him.' James 2:15-16 rebukes the empty word that withholds 'the things the body needs' from a needy brother. Faint Torah echo of obligatory open-handedness.
Low confidence