Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the foreigners of Gilead, said to Ahab, “As Yahweh, the God of Israel, lives, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.”
⛓ Read 1 Kings 17 forward — the whole chapter and its afterlife →Where this passage surfaces again, sorted by the strength of the link. Each kind of reuse — formal quotation, deliberate allusion, faint echo, figural pattern — carries its own mark. Follow any reference to read it in place.
Allusion3
A deliberate verbal borrowing without a citation formula.
'Elijah… prayed earnestly that it might not rain, and it did not rain' draws directly on Elijah's word that 'there shall be neither dew nor rain these years, except by my word.' James reads the drought as answered prayer.
High confidence'When the sky was shut up three years and six months... a great famine' summarizes Elijah's drought announced in 1 Kings 17:1 (and ended in 18:1). Jesus names the era explicitly ('in the days of Elijah'); high Volume narrative citation.
High confidenceElijah's power to 'shut up the sky' so it does not rain — Rev's witnesses literally have 'power to shut up the sky, that it may not rain.' One witness is figured on Elijah. Strong verbal and thematic coherence; recurrence with the drought of 1 Kings 17–18 and Luke 4:25 / James 5:17 tradition.
High confidenceEcho1
A fainter, low-volume reuse, carried by recurrence or thematic coherence.
Agabus standing up to declare a coming famine follows the prophet-announces-famine type set by Elijah, who declares the drought and dearth before Ahab. Recurrence of the motif (prophet foretelling famine) is its main support; no verbal borrowing, so figural/echo rather than quotation.
Medium confidence